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Tag: trios

sonatas, continued (Messiaen – “Quartet for the End of Time”)

Red quartet - Raoul Dufy

    Red Quartet 

 

       Raoul Dufy

 

           _____

 

if a trio is a sonata written for three instruments,

a sonata, a piece of music consisting of more 

than one segment, or movement, written for 

four instruments, is called a quartet

 

a quartet is also what we call the group itself

of four players

 

quartets can play more than just quartets, they 

can also play waltzes, nocturnes, rhapsodies, 

for instance, just as trios, groups of three, can

play more than just trios 

 

but quartets, the form, have had a long and 

glorious history, from Mozart and Haydn, 

the Classicists, through Beethoven, an 

ardent Romantic, to the more political 

Shostakovich, enemy, for a time, of his 

repressive Soviet state, and on to 

Messiaen, who composed his own 

Quartet for the End of Time, in a Nazi 

concentration camp

 

let me start with the Messiaen, now that I’ve

whetted your appetite, and work our way back 

to Mozart to see where we came from, and 

how

 

there are seven movements in Quartet for

the End of Time, not the Classical three or

four, atonality abounds, discordant, not 

unexpectedly, progressions, repetition also 

takes its punches, not easily identifiable 

throughout, but tempo, the third pillar of 

Western music, more or less holds its 

own, keeping the tradition, however 

precariously, together, listen

 

it’s 1941, we’re in a concentration camp,  

Messiaen is caught between hope and 

despair, give the guy a break, he hasn’t 

many absolutes to hold onto, tempo 

might be one of them, the heartbeat,

pulse, perseverance, an actual human 

pace, a rhythmic instinct, by which 

eventually, hopefully, meaning 

transpires

 

hope is in one’s creativity, he says, each 

individual answer can be a tribute to

one’s own tribulations, our responses 

can be poetry, lessons rather than

invectives, epiphanies rather than

agonies, may the Force, in other words, 

be with you, in the face of even the most

trying difficulties, honour can supplant 

trials, he concludes, given grace and 

integrity

 

Beethoven says pretty much the same 

thing in his last piano sonata, remember,

his Opus 111listen, a not not impressive

corroboration

 

 

R ! chard

sonatas, continued (Beethoven – Opus 44)

The Greek Slave Girl (or Variations in Violet and Rose), c.1885 - c.1886 - James McNeill Whistler

  The Greek Slave Girl (or Variations in Violet and Rose) (c.1885 – c.1886) 

 

             James McNeill Whistler

 

                      _____________

 

 

a trio is a group of three instrumentalists,

most often a piano, a violin, and a cello,

in our Western musical tradition

 

but it is also a musical form, like a waltz 

is, or a prelude, or a nocturne, a trio is

a sonata, essentially, but written for 

three instruments, not one, nor two, 

consisting of more than one segment, 

or movement

 

though I’ve presented trios as trios to date, 

sonatas for three instruments, here’s a piece 

for three instruments but in one movement, 

though segmented, admittedly, as variations,

see above, a similar collection of rhythms 

and styles, brought together by a common 

essential element, a game audiences played 

back then, and still do even now, trying to 

distinguish the individual variations, before 

falling prey to their enchantment

 

here’s Beethoven’s Opus 44, in E-flat major,

listen, enjoy

 

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 25

Homage to Claude Debussy, 1952 - Raoul Dufy

    Homage to Claude Debussy (1952 )

 

           Raoul Dufy

 

               _____

               

if I object to sonatas consisting of only 

one movement, I can also object to 

sonatas consisting of more than two

instruments, but here’s Debussy’s

Sonata for flute, viola and harp, 

which should more accurately have 

been called a trio, a trio is a sonata 

with three instruments

 

note also in the Debussy the breakdown

of all the Classical imperatives, tempo, 

tonality, and repetition, another blow to

established authority 

 

but the test is, does it work, at which 

point, if it does, terminology becomes 

moot, and meaning changes 

 

today, I pondered the word love, its 

myriad meanings, and how we still 

call that infinite variety of emotions 

the same thing, the word sonata 

doesn’t hold a candle to the word 

love for disinformation

 

I thought, okay, just make it work,

I’ll define it for myself later, each 

one of us being the final arbiter 

of our own aesthetic sensibility

 

Debussy or not Debussy, that is 

the question

 

 

R ! chard