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November / Month of the Sonata – 13

Meditation, 1936 - Rene Magritte

       Meditation  (1936) 

 

            René Magritte

 

                  _______

                  

a story

 

while I volunteered at the palliative care

unit of our downtown hospital, a family 

asked if I could monitor their mother

while they took time off for lunch

 

of course, I agreed

 

their mother lay unsettled on her hospital

bed, jittery, shaking, distressed, incoherent,

out of touch, in her own nether, dissociated 

world, while the family, about ten of them, 

had been chatting, seemingly oblivious to, 

or unconcerned with, their mother’s flailing

 

they left

 

I sat by her side, placed a palm tenderly on 

her quivering arm, to impart what calm I

could, to bring her warmth, care, attention, 

and began to sing a mantra I’d learned at 

an ashram I had been attending, weekly, 

for months, after the death of my beloved, 

in order to find solace, consolation, Om 

Namah Shivaya, I chanted, gently, quietly,

over and over again

 

little by little, she settled, was becoming 

calm

 

then, in a whisper, she began to join in, 

Row, row, row your boat, she sang, 

over and over again, along with my 

own mantra, a duet of communication, 

despite even the incongruity of the 

tunes, we were meeting at an even 

deeper, primordial level

 

something stirred behind me, I turned,

the family was standing in the doorway, 

all held their breath, watching, as though 

they were witnessing grace

 

I think they were

 

a mantra is a distillation of the three

pillars of Western music, tempo, 

tonality, and repetition, what we sing 

to children to lull them to sleep, that’s 

what a mantra is

 

Row, row, row your boat indeed

 

the history of music in the West is 

the disintegration of those norms,

for better or for worse

 

here’s a solo, note, violin sonata of

Bach, no accompaniment, no piano,

his Sonata No. 2 in A minor, BWV 1003

                  

Bach is of the late Baroque Period, the 

tail end of the Renaissance, when art 

was directed by the Christian Church,

Bach was in fact cantor, music director, 

of several churches in Leipzig

 

it took Mozart to kickstart the Classical

Era in the West, the purview, now, of 

the aristocracy, a process that started 

with Louis XIV, the Sun King, the art 

that he commissioned for Versailles

leaving the Church behind in a 

secularizing world

 

with Bach, tempo, tonality and repetition,

set the uncorrupted standard for the

ensuing ages, Bach is the next best 

thing, to my mind, to meditation

 

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 12

Portrait of the composer Sergei Rachmaninov, 1925 - Konstantin Somov

      Portrait of the Composer Sergei Rachmaninov (1925) 

 

              Konstantin Somov

 

                     __________

      

 

Rachmaninov, late Romantic, early

Impressionist, yanked, despite his 

modern bent, Romanticism, solidly,

into the Twentieth Century, we 

heard him in movies, and 

consequently on TV, back then, on 

long-play albums, 78s at the time, 

that were flooding the market, first 

movement on the one side, the next 

two on the other, that’s how we used 

to listen

 

later, we’d hear Sergeant Pepper’s 

Lonely Heart’s Club Band doing the 

same, in the late ’60s, before discs

 

Rachmaninov doesn’t sound like 

Chopin, Beethoven, Schubert, but

you can hear their roots, their blood 

running through his compositions

 

but here, in his Piano Sonata no. 2,

Opus 36, he elaborates, a sure sign

of Impressionism, intellectual rather

than emotional appeal, something 

had become tiresome after half a

century of Romantic dramatization,

how many Anna Karenina‘s can you 

take

 

the culture was returning to objective,

rather than emotional, Charles Dickens,

Victor Hugo, and the like, bleeding-heart,

considerations, and seeking out more 

rational answers to our psychological

stresses, consequently Freud, music

had to keep up

 

later, I’ll tell you a story about how 

music changes the world

 

meanwhile, here’s Rachmaninov’s

Piano Sonata no 2

 

enjoy

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 11

Astonishment, 1919 - Alexej von Jawlensky

    “Astonishment (1919) 

 

      Alexej von Jawlensky

 

             ​​​​​​​​​___________

 

 

today is Remembrance Day, at least in the 

West, my father was in the war, the Second

World War, survived, manifestly, I was born 

in ’49

 

my sister, who died a few years ago, said,

during her long, painful ordeal, that if  

soldiers could endure on the battlefield,

she could do the same, and never 

complained

 

these are my remembrances

 

here’s, meanwhile, Sergei Prokofiev’s 

middle of three war sonatas he composed, 

his Seventh, the “Stalingrad”, 1942 

if to be represented in art history, I’d 

associate it with Expressionism, see

above, abiding, essentially, within 

each their particular artistic 

conventions, in music, tonality, 

tempo and repetition, in art, colour, 

perspective, form, though wreaking 

havoc, each, within, either, their 

assigned parameters

 

listen, be inspired

 

 

in commemoration, and wonder

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 10

Moonlight, c.1895 - Felix Vallotton

    “Moonlight” or “Clair de lune” (c.1895) 

 

             Félix Vallotton

 

                  _______

 

 

at the end of the Nineteenth Century, a 

a seismic shift occurred in our Western 

culture’s sensitivity to art

 

much as visual representation during

the Renaissance and up until the late

Baroque Period had dominated, to 

be replaced by music during the 

Classical Age as the sensory 

temperature of the times, visual 

representation once again took over 

as arbiter of Western sensibility 

during Impressionism

 

you’ll remember the artists of the 

Renaissance, but not many of the 

composers, you’ll be able to name 

the composers of the Classical Age

and the Romantic, but not many, if

any, of the painters, you’ll then 

immediately toss off a list of artists 

of the Impressionist Era, but not 

many of its composers

 

this lasts till, I’d say, Andy Warhol,

when the visual arts still held sway,

but the present is, it seems, up for 

grabs

 

here’s meanwhile, an Impressionist,

Claude Debussy – his Clair de lune,

an obvious Impressionist statement, 

to be compared, incidentally, with 

its Romantic counterpart, Beethoven’s 

Moonlight Sonata – delivering his 

Sonata for Violin of 1917

 

enjoy

 

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 9

      Jules Delsart

 

           ______

           

at the end of the Romantic Period, 1886, and

encroaching on the upcoming Impressionistic

Era, César Frank wrote his Violin Sonata in

A major, a musical glimpse into a new age,

this is not Chopin, not Beethoven, not 

Schubert, despite obvious, if you’re 

listening, homages, references

 

you’ll note the atonality, musical progressions 

that seem askew, eccentric, not as harmonious 

as those earlier composers, like a neurosis 

taking over

 

tempo, a second essential element of music 

in the West, however changeable might it be, 

even within the individual movements, is 

recognizable

 

repetition, the third pillar of Western music 

is keeping us on track, bringing us back to

the original statement, to the air each 

movement presents at their several 

introductions 

 

Frank’s sonata was so appreciated by an

accomplished cellist friend, Jules Delsart,

that he asked if he would transcribe it for 

cello, their joint Sonata in A major for 

Cello and Piano remains to this day a 

stalwart on the cello circuit

 

compare, an exercise in sharpening your

aesthetic pencil, try it, enjoy

 

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 8

Schubert at the Piano II, 1899 - Gustav Klimt

    Schubert at the Piano II  (1899)

 

           Gustav Klimt

 

                 ______

 

 

before going any further, it’s about time

I brought up Schubert, had he survived, 

he might, I think, however conservatively,

have rivalled Beethoven

 

he died at the age of 31, of a sexually

transmitted disease, I believe the reason

for his relative obscurity

 

but he is titanic

 

listen to one only here of his sublime piano 

sonatas, his Piano Sonata No 21 in B-flat 

major

 

though one mustn’t discount his other 

transcendental masterpieces, his D956

for instance, for string quintet, is, well, 

characteristically, transcendental, 

you’ll leave the planet, I promise 

 

listen 

 

enjoy

 

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 7

The Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog, 1818 - Caspar David Friedrich

     “The Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog(1818)

 

             Caspar David Friedrich

 

                   _____________

 

           

meanwhile, back at sonatas for one 

instrument, it’s about time I brought 

up Chopin, the one composer that 

everyone associates before anyone

else with Romanticism, 1800, say, 

till about 1880, he incorporates it, 

not without reason, Chopin 

personifies the Romantic Era, like 

Mozart represents the Classical

 

others who count would be Elizabeth

Barrett Browning, her “Sonnets from

the Portuguese” – How do I love thee? 

Let me count the ways – Victor Hugo’s

Les Misérables”, and Charles Dickens

preaching, in all his works, humanity

 

Caspar David Friedrich‘s, also, iconic 

Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog“, 

see above

 

Chopin sounds a lot like Beethoven,

indeed, the first notes of his Second

Piano Sonata, in B-flat minor, Op. 35

are a reference to Beethoven’s 

Sonata no 8, his Pathétique“, listen,

you’ll hear the same peremptory,

commanding, chord, demanding 

attention, the rest is consummate,

however, Chopin 

 

in the last movement, you’ll specifically

hear what Chopin brought to the table,

texture, soundscape, rather than a 

narrative line, music as background,

atmosphere, context

 

enjoy

 

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 6

The Cello Player, 1896 - Thomas Eakins

    The Cello Player (1896)  

 

             Thomas Eakins

                   _________

if there could be violin sonatas, there

could be sonatas for, also, other 

instruments

 

here’s one for cello, Beethoven’s utterly 

magical Cello Sonata no 1 in F major, 

Opus 5, no 1, 1796

 

note that the structure of the sonata is

being challenged, two movements only,

though the first has two sections that

are linked without pause, the aim is to 

connect the musical information, the 

work becomes a narrative, not a 

collection of disparate pieces

 

Beethoven is telling a story, speaking

in notes, listen, it’s revelatory

 

I wish you ears

 

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 5

The Spring, 1478 - 1482 - Sandro Botticelli

  Primavera, or Spring (1478 – 1482) 

 

            Sandro Botticelli

 

                _________

                

here’s a violin sonata from Beethoven, 

1801, his No. 5, in F major, Op. 24, 

nicknamed Spring“, it is ebullient

 

Beethoven is more forthright than 

Mozart, he’s passionate, wears his 

heart on his sleeve, is tender, then

rambunctious, you’ll hear it in the 

extremes of volume, loud, soft, 

often with spontaneous outbursts,

it’s like talking to a friend, the 

appeal is emotional, personal, 

where Mozart was earlier decorative, 

it’s the Romantic Era taking over 

from the Classical

 

you’ll notice also that Beethoven is

chipping away at the conventions,

there are four movements here

instead of just three, he’s saying 

that his stuff is not just decorative 

but important, Beethoven has 

something to say, he’s got a story 

to tell, there’s even a narrative feel

to his composition, like there’s a 

conclusion to his story, a point

 

we’ve moved from a variety of 

artefacts, disparate pieces, to a 

cohesive and meaningful entity

 

the sonata is a trinity, three 

essences in one

 

 

R ! chard

November / Month of the Sonata – 4

Violinist - Blek le Rat

   Violinist 

 

            Blek le Rat

 

                   ____

 

 

it must be pointed out that sonatas could be

written for other instruments than keyboard,

but since any other instrument could play 

just one note at a time, it became the custom 

to make a keyboard instrument, which is to 

say, essentially, the piano, its accompaniment

 

therefore, you’ll find that sonatas can be 

comprised of more than just one instrument,

more about which later

 

don’t be confused, the history of music

is one of contradictions, as it is with, for 

that matter, any representation of reality

 

including, incidentally, religion, art’s 

historical ancestor, before the modern 

world took over, before the advent of

democracy, the French and American 

Revolutions, before our secular 

21st Century, when artists took over 

from preachers, where we started 

getting our gospel from literature, 

rather, movies, television, concerts, 

instead of the Bible, for better or 

for worse

 

here’s, meanwhile, Mozart’s Violin Sonata

no. 26, in B-flat Major, K. 378, of 1779, 

telling it like it was, back then, starting 

the process 

 

listen

 

R ! chard